July 19: CFPB Recent Updates

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Agencies Finalize Interagency Guidance on Reconsiderations of Value for Residential Real Estate Valuations

Five federal regulatory agencies today issued final guidance addressing reconsiderations of value (ROVs) for residential real estate transactions. The guidance advises on policies and procedures that financial institutions may implement to allow consumers to provide financial institutions with information that may not have been considered during an appraisal or if deficiencies are identified in the original appraisal.

ROVs are requests from a financial institution to an appraiser or other preparer of a valuation report to reassess the value of residential real estate. Deficiencies identified in valuations, either through an institution’s valuation review processes or through consumer-provided information, may be a basis for financial institutions to question the credibility of the appraisal or valuation report.

The guidance offers examples of ROV policies and procedures that a financial institution may implement to help institutions identify, address, and mitigate discrimination risk; describes the risks of deficient residential real estate valuations; and explains how financial institutions may incorporate ROV processes into risk management functions. The agencies finalized the guidance largely as proposed, with the addition of clarifying edits based on public comments received on the proposed guidance published in July 2023.

Read the final guidance 


PUBLISHED

The CFPB issued a proposed interpretive rule related to paycheck advances, often marketed as earned wage products. 

The proposed interpretive rule would clarify that earned wage products are consumer credit subject to existing requirements under the Truth in Lending Act and its implementing Regulation Z.  The proposed interpretive rule would clarify that expedited delivery fees are finance charges under the regulation.  The proposed interpretive rule would also clarify when charges often described as “tips” are a finance charge under the regulation.

Comments on the proposed interpretive rule are due August 30, 2024.

You can access the proposed interpretive rule here: www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/notice-opportunities-comment/open-notices/consumer-credit-offered-to-borrowers-in-advance-of-expected-receipt-of-compensation-for-work/.


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CFPB Proposes Interpretive Rule to Ensure Workers Know the Costs and Fees of Paycheck Advance Products

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) today proposed an interpretive rule explaining that many paycheck advance products, sometimes marketed as “earned wage” products, are consumer loans subject to the Truth in Lending Act. The guidance will ensure that lenders understand their legal obligations to disclose the costs and fees of these credit products to workers. The CFPB also published a report examining employer-sponsored paycheck advance loans. The report finds that workers using these employer-sponsored products take out an average of 27 such loans per year and that the typical employer-sponsored loan carries an annual percentage rate (APR) over 100%.

“Paycheck advance products are often marketed to and designed for employers, rather than employees,” said CFPB Director Rohit Chopra. “The CFPB’s actions will help workers know what they are getting with these products and prevent race-to-the-bottom business practices.”

“In recent years, workers have seen big increases in wages, but junk fees and high rates on financial products not only chip away at these gains – they take advantage of workers,” said Acting Secretary of Labor Julie Su. “As part of the most pro-worker, pro-union administration in history, here at the Department of Labor, we proudly support efforts by the CFPB to guard against predatory lending in the workplace.”

Almost three-quarters of workers receive their wages every two weeks or monthly. One major source of demand for consumer credit stems from the mismatch of when people receive compensation for the work they perform and when they incur expenses. While lenders have long offered credit for consumers to pay expenses in advance of a payday, a new market for paycheck advance products has emerged and is growing rapidly.


PUBLISHED 

Agencies Issue Final Rule to Help Ensure Credibility and Integrity of Automated Valuation Models

Six federal regulatory agencies today issued a final rule, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, designed to help ensure the credibility and integrity of models used in valuations for certain mortgages secured by a consumer’s principal dwelling. In particular, the rule will implement quality control standards for automated valuation models (AVMs) used by mortgage originators and secondary market issuers in valuing those homes. The final rule is substantially similar to the proposal issued in June 2023.

Under the final rule, the agencies will require institutions that engage in certain transactions secured by a consumer’s principal dwelling to adopt policies, practices, procedures, and control systems designed to:

  • ensure a high level of confidence in estimates;
  • protect against data manipulation;
  • seek to avoid conflicts of interest;
  • require random sample testing and reviews; and
  • comply with nondiscrimination laws.

Driven in part by advances in database and modeling technology and the availability of larger property datasets, AVMs are being used with increasing frequency as part of the real estate valuation process. While advances in AVM technology and data availability have the potential to reduce costs and turnaround times of the property valuation process, it is important that institutions using AVMs take appropriate steps to ensure the credibility and integrity of the valuations produced. It is also important that the AVMs institutions use adhere to quality control standards designed to comply with applicable nondiscrimination laws.

The final rule will become effective on the first day of the calendar quarter following 12 months after publication in the Federal Register.